Kashmir can be done cheaply or expensively, and the gap between the two is mostly accommodation and transport rather than food or activities. Here is where the money actually goes across a seven-day trip.
Accommodation
This is the widest range. Guesthouses and modest houseboats sit at the bottom, mid-range hotels in Srinagar and Pahalgam in the middle, and a handful of heritage properties and premium houseboats well above. Prices roughly double over the June to August peak and around major Indian holidays. Booking directly with a houseboat family is usually cheaper than through an aggregator.
Transport
Typically the second-largest cost, and the one most affected by how you book. A car with driver for the whole week, negotiated as a package, costs meaningfully less than day-by-day hire and removes daily haggling. Shared taxis exist between major towns and are far cheaper if you have time and flexibility.
Food
Genuinely inexpensive relative to everything else. Local bakeries, street food and mid-range restaurants will not move your budget much. A full wazwan at a good restaurant is the one meal worth setting money aside for.
Activities
The gondola at Gulmarg is priced per stage. Shikara rides have a posted government rate. Entry fees for the Mughal gardens and Dachigam are small. The expensive activities are guided treks and ski instruction, both of which are worth paying properly for.
What surprises people
Pony rides and sledge hire at tourist spots are negotiated on the spot and are the most common source of disputes — agree the price and the route before starting, not after. Shopping is the other one: saffron, pashmina and papier-mâché are genuinely good here, and genuinely easy to overpay for. Buy from established shops, and be sceptical of any pashmina priced like acrylic.
Saving money without losing the trip
Travel in September or October rather than July. Book one driver for the week. Stay in a family-run houseboat rather than a hotel. Eat where the bakery queue is. None of these make the trip worse; most make it better.